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Friday, September 28, 2012

Differences of differences ...

I was reading my copy of  THE PERFECT SAUSAGE

when I came across something interesting : 
A section displaying what happens when you mess around with sequences of 
numbers. If you write all the square numbers in a line, then the each difference between 
consecutive terms will be the odd numbers in a line. The difference between 
consecutive terms will now be a straight line of 2's, since every odd number is separated 
by a difference of 2.
    This simplifying down to a contiguous line caught my attention. I experimented with 
cube numbers, taking the repeated differences of terms. Here it converged down to a
single line of 6's.
     One might think it should have been a line of 3's such that the final difference should 
match the exponent : Powers of 2 come to 2, so powers of 3 come to 3.
      Experimenting further, I wrote out a line of power of 4's : 1, 16, 27, 64 ...
The differences of the differences of the differences of the differences 
fiiinaaallyyy come to : a straight line of 24's. [Disappointingly small answer for so much toil]
      You may have noticed a pattern at this point, I definitely did :

2, 6, 24 ... are simply the factorials of the exponent :

2! = 2 ,  3! = 6 ,  4! = 24  ,   .... and so on.
With powers of 5's, I wont bore you with the intermediate steps, I'll steam right through :

A STRAIGHT LINE OF 120's. And as predicted, 5! = 120.
I still do not have a proof.
If someone has struck on a proof which I oversaw, please enter it in the comments section.

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